Tuesday, November 10, 2015

People of Pakistan: Pakhtuns

AoA

Pakhtuns



PRONUNCIATION: PASH-toon
ALTERNATE NAMES: Pushtun; Pakhtun; Pashtoon; Pathan; Afghan
LOCATION: Southeastern Afghanistan; northwestern Pakistan
POPULATION: 8–9 million
LANGUAGE: Pashtu

http://www.everyculture.com/wc/Afghanistan-to-Bosnia-Herzegovina/Pashtun.html





Monday, November 9, 2015

Iqbal’s love: Iqbal’s life

AoA

"As a human being I have a right to happiness," he wrote, but as a man, he remained unable to choose it. 

Very interesting article:

http://www.dawn.com/news/1218512



Patricia

Poet of the East

AoA


Pakistan celebrates Allama Iqbal's 138th birthday today.

Happy Birthday poet of the East!





Patricia


Sunday, November 8, 2015

12 Mind-Blowing Pictures

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12 Mind-Blowing Pictures That Show Pakistanis Can Do The Impossible


From shugal.com


Pakistanis are really talented. They are full of creativity and Jugaar and they are able to do things others can’t even think of...

Read more 

http://www.shughal.com/12-mind-blowing-pictures-show-pakistanis-can-impossible/



Wednesday, November 4, 2015

Well-done Pakistan!!!!!

AoA


From Pakistan Today


Pakistan army wins Gold Medal in prestigious Cambrian Patrol held in UK


Karachi then and now

AoA


From shugal.com  


Then And Now: 19 Historical Images That Show How Karachi Has Changed Over The Years





National poet: Allama Muhammad Iqbal

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Iqbal, Sir Muhammad (1873-1938), philosopher, poet, and political leader, was born in Sialkot. In 1927 he was elected to the Punjab provincial legislature and in 1930 became president of the Muslim League. Initially a supporter of Hindu-Muslim unity in a single Indian state, Iqbal later became an advocate of Pakistani independence. In addition to his political activism, Iqbal was considered the foremost Muslim thinker of his day.
His poetry and philosophy, written in Urdu and Persian, stress the rebirth of Islamic and spiritual redemption through self-development, moral integrity, and individual freedom.His many works includeThe Secrets of the Self a long poem; A Message from the East and The Reconstruction of Religious Thought in Islam.

Although Iqbal did not live to see the creation of an independent Pakistan in 1947, he is nevertheless regarded as the symbolic father of that nation Allama Muhammad Iqbal is generally known as a poet and philosopher, but he was also a jurist, a politician, a social reformer, and a great Islamic scholar.
People even bestowed on him the title of "Shaere-Mashriq" (Poet of the East!). It may sound strange that Iqbal never considered himself a poet as is evidenced by his correspondence with Syed Sulaiman Nadvi [1885-1953].

"I have never considered myself a poet. Therefore, I am not a rival of anyone, and I do not consider anybody my rival. I have no interest in poetic artistry. But, yes, I have a special goal in mind for whose expression I use the medium of poetry considering the condition and the customs of this country."
(translated from the original in Urdu; Maktoobat, Volume I, page195)

Iqbal's contribution to the Muslim world as one of the greatest thinkers of Islam remains unparalleled. In his writings, he addressed and exhorted people, particularly the youth, to stand up and boldly face life's challenges. The central theme and main source of his message was the Qur'an.

Iqbal considered the Qur'an not only as a book of religion (in the traditional sense) but also a source of foundational principles upon which the infrastructure of an organization must be built as a coherent system of life. According to Iqbal, this system of life when implemented as a living force is ISLAM.
Because it is based on permanent (absolute) values given in the Qur'an, this system provides perfect harmony, balance, and stability in the society from within and the source of security and a shield from without. It also provides freedom of choice and equal opportunity for the development of personality for everyone within the guidelines of Qur'an. Thus, in Iqbal's opinion, Islam is not a religion in which individuals strive for a private subjective relationship with God in the hope of personal salvation as it is done in secular systems. Iqbal firmly opposed theocracy and dictatorship and considered them against the free spirit of Islam.

Humanity, as a whole, has never faced the challenge posed by the enormity and the complexity of human problems, such as it is facing today. The problems have taken on a global dimension now and transcend the barriers of race, color, language, geography, and social, political and religious ideologies. Most of the problems of mankind are universal in nature and, therefore, require a universal approach to the solution. Iqbal's universal message is an attempt to address this challenge faced by humanity.

Through his travels and personal communications, Allama Iqbal found that the Muslims throughout the world had detached themselves from the Qur'an as a guiding principle and a living force. After the disaster following the Balkan War of 1912, the fall of the caliphate in Turkey, and many anti-Muslim incessant provocations and actions against Muslims in India (1924-27) and elsewhere by the intellectuals and so called secular minded leaders, Allama Iqbal suggested that a separate state should be given to the Muslims of the Indian subcontinent so that they can express the vitality of Islam to its fullest. In his 1930 Presidential speech delivered to the annual session of Muslim League at Allahabad, Allama Iqbal stated:

"I, therefore, demand the formation of a consolidated Muslim state in the best interests of India and Islam. For India, it means security and peace resulting from an internal balance of power; for Islam, an opportunity to rid itself of the stamp that Arabian imperialism was forced to give it, to mobilize its laws, its education, its culture, and to bring them into closer contact with its own original spirit and with the spirit of modern times."

Iqbal's "Deeda-war" (visionary), is like Iqbal himself. He could foresee what others could not. Whereas others only have a short term view of things, a visionary sees the problems in a long term perspective and develops some sort of cosmic sense. A nation is indeed fortunate if it produces a few such individuals in centuries. Such individuals, although very rare, change the course of history forever, as indeed Iqbal did. Pakistan owes its existence to Allama Iqbal. Thus, the people of Pakistan owe a great deal of gratitude to this extraordinary visionary.


Allama Iqbal's contributions are numerous and it is not possible to give even a glimpse of his work here. A brief outline of Allama Iqbal's life and achievements is presented below:

1877 Born at Sialkot (present Pakistan) on Friday, November 9, 1877. Kashmiri origin.
1893-95 High School and Intermediate - Scotch Mission College, Sialkot.
1897 B. A. (Arabic and Philosophy) - Government College, Lahore. Awarded Jamaluddin Gold Medal for securing highest marks in Arabic, and another Gold Medal in English.
1899 M.A. (Philosophy) - Government College, Lahore. Secured first rank in Punjab state and awarded Gold Medal.
Reader in Arabic, Oriental College, Lahore.
1900 Read his poem "Nala-e-Yateem," (Wails of an Orphan) at the annual function of Anjuman-e-Himayat-e-Islam at Lahore.
1901 Poem 'Himala' published in Makhzan.
Assistant Commissioner's Examination (didn't qualify due to medical reasons).
1903 Assistant Professor, Government College, Lahore. Published his first book, "Ilmul-Iqtasad" (Study of Economics), Lahore.
1905 Traveled to England for higher studies.
1907 Ph.D., Munich University, Germany (Thesis: Development of Metaphysics in Persia).
1907-08 Professor of Arabic, London University.
1908 Bar-at-Law, London. Returned to India.
Started law practice on October 22, 1908.
Part-time Professor of Philosophy and English Literature.
1911 Wrote and read famous poem "Shikwa" (Complaint) at Lahore.
Professor of Philosophy, Government College, Lahore.
1912 Wrote the epoch-making "Jawab-e-Shikwa" (Reply to Complaint).
1913 Wrote "History of India" for middle school students, Lahore (now out of print).
1915 Published a long Persian poem "Asrar-e-Khudi" (Secrets of Self). Resigned from professorship to spread the message of Islam.
1918 In counterpart to "Asrar-e-Khudi", published "Rumuz-e-Bekhudi" (Mysteries of Selflessness) in Persian.
1920 English translation of "Asrar-e-Khudi" by Prof. R.A. Nicholson of Cambridge University entitled "Secrets of Self."
Visited Kashmir and presented his famous poem "Saqi Nama" at Srinagar.
1923 Awarded knighthood "Sir" at Lahore on January 1, 1923. Published "Pay am-e-Mashriq" (The Message of the East) in Persian. It was written in response to Goethe's West-Ostlicher Divan.
1924 Prepared an Urdu course material for Grade 6,7 students at Lahore. Published "Bang-e-Dara" (Call of the Caravan) in Urdu in March 1924.
1926 Elected to Punjab Legislative Council, Lahore (1926-1929).
1927 Published "Zaboor-e-A'jam" in Persian.
1929 Delivered his famous six lectures at Madras, Osmania University at Hyderabad, and Aligarh. He made very thought provoking comments on the latest scientific and philosophical developments of the 1920s in the light of Islamic teachings.
1930 President, All India Muslim League. Elaborated on the idea of an independent Muslim state in his presidential speech at Allahabad. [Refer to 1924-28 events in particular and 1912-29 in general in the Muslims in the Indian Subcontinent - V 1800 - 1950 CE].
1931 Published "Reconstruction of Religious Thought in Islam," - a collection of six lectures, Lahore; it was also published by Oxford University.
Participated in Mo'tamar-A'lam-e-Islami (World Muslim Conference) in Palestine.
Participated in the Second Round Table Conference, London, September 7 - December 31, 1931.
1932 Visited Paris and met French philosophers Bergson and Massignon. Bergson was astonished to hear his remark on the Islamic concept of time.
Published "Javed Namah" in Persian. It was a reply to Dante's 'Divine Comedy'.
Participated in the Third Round Table Conference, London, November 17 - December 24, 1932.
1933 Allama Iqbal met Mussolini in Rome after Mussolini expressed his interest to meet him.
Visited Qurtuba, Spain and wrote the poems "Dua" (Supplication) "Masjid-e-Qurtuba." (The Mosque of Cordoba).
Served as Advisor to the Government of Afghanistan on higher education (October 1933).
Awarded Honorary D. Litt degree by Punjab University on Dec. 4,1933.
1934 Musafir (Traveler) in Persian.
1935 Published "Bal-e-Jibril" in Urdu.
1936 Published "Zarab-e-Kalim" in April 1936, "Pas Che Bayad Kard" in Persian, and "Payam-e-Mashriq" in September 1936.
1937 Ulema from Al-Azhar University visited Allama Iqbal at Lahore.
1938 Jawahar Lal Nehru visited Allama Iqbal at Lahore in January 1938.
Allama Iqbal died at Lahore on April 21,1938. He was a versatile genius-poet, philosopher, lawyer, educationist, politician, and a reformer. "Armughan-e-Hijaz" published posthumously. It was a collection of Urdu and Persian poems.

From www.rohama.org/

Some key dates in Pakistan's history

AoA,
1947 - Muslim state of East and West Pakistan created out of partition of India at the end of British rule.
1948 - First war with India over disputed territory of Kashmir.
1971 - East Pakistan attempts to secede, leading to civil war. India intervenes in support of East Pakistan which eventually breaks away to become Bangladesh.
1999 - Army chief Pervez Musharraf seizes power in coup, ousting Prime Minister Nawaz Sharif.
2007 - Former Prime Minister Benazir Bhutto is assassinated while on campaign trail for 2008 parliamentary election.
2013 - Nawaz Sharif becomes prime minister for third time after his Muslim League party wins parliamentary elections.
From www.bbc.com

Pakistan country profile

AoA,
The Muslim-majority state of Pakistan was born out of the partition of the Indian sub-continent in 1947, and has faced both domestic political upheavals and regional confrontations.
Created to meet the demands of Indian Muslims for their own homeland, Pakistan was originally made up of two parts.
The east wing - present-day Bangladesh - is on the Bay of Bengal bordering India and Burma. The west wing - present-day Pakistan - stretches from the Himalayas down to the Arabian Sea.
The break-up of the two wings came in 1971 when the Bengali-speaking east wing seceded with help from India.
From www.bbc.com

Sheikh Mujib-ur-Rahman

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Sheikh Mujib-ur-Rahman was born on March 22, 1922, at Faridpur, now in Bangladesh. He was an active member of the Muslim League in pre-Independence India. After Independence, Mujib-ur-Rahman remained active in politics. As a law student in March 1948, he was arrested for leading a black-flag demonstration against Jinnah on the issue of making Urdu as the State language. Along with H. S. Suhrawardy, he organized the Awami League in 1949. The same year he was elected as a member of the Provincial Assembly and later as a member of the National Parliament. Twice he became a Minister in the East Pakistan Government. He also led a parliamentary delegation to the Peoples Republic of China. He was arrested on October 12, 1958, and imprisoned for a year and a half, and later again in 1962 on the eve of the proclamation of the Constitution, and imprisoned for six months.
After the death of Suhrawardy, Mujib-ur-Rahman revived the Awami League as a political party in January 1965. This time to contest the presidential elections as a component of the Combined Opposition Party, which nominated Miss Fatima Jinnah as the opposition candidate for the presidential post against the candidature of Ayub Khan.
During the 1965 War he condemned the Indian aggression; he and his party gave full support to the Government’s war efforts. It was in 1966, at an all-party national meeting convention in Lahore, that he presented his Six-Points Program as the constitutional solution of East Pakistan’s problems in relation to West Pakistan. He was arrested a number of times in 1966 and was kept under detention for 21 months. He was tried in the Agartala Conspiracy case on June 18, 1968.
After the end of Martial Law by Yahya Khan, elections were held on December 7, 1970, to transfer power to elected representatives. Two major regional parties emerged on the scene, the Awami League and the Pakistan Peoples Party. Awami League contested the elections on the Six-Points Program. This Program meant that both the Wings of Pakistan would be united in a loose federation. As time went by, the speeches of the Awami League leaders became more and more anti-West Pakistan.
Awami League returned with a clear majority in East Pakistan, winning 160 out of the total of 300 seats in the National Assembly. In East Bengal, the Awami League won all but two seats, taking 160 out of the 162 seats contested. In West Pakistan, Pakistan’s Peoples Party secured the majority of seats. Differences arose between the Government and the Awami League on transfer of power on the basis of the Six-Points Program. Both Bhutto and Mujib disagreed on this Program concerning taxation and foreign trade. There was a political deadlock that led to the postponement of the first session of the National Assembly. A military operation was launched and Mujib-ur-Rahman announced a parallel government on March 7, 1971. With the help of Indian intervention, a new country named Bangladesh was born out of Indo-Pak war on December 17, 1971.
The newborn country’s initial Government was formed in January 1972, under the leadership of Sheikh Mujib-ur-Rahman, who became the Prime Minister. In early 1975, Mujib-ur-Rahman became the President under a remodeled Constitution that virtually granted him dictatorial powers. He was, however, unable to stabilize the political situation, and was assassinated in a military coup on August 15, 1975, at his residence. Khandaker Mushtaq Ahmad was made the new President of Bangladesh.
From www.storyofpakistan.com


Pakistan oohoooo!!!

AoA,


From shugal.com



11 Times Pakistan Was Shown In A Positive Light All Over The World



http://www.shughal.com/11-times-pakistan-shown-positive-light-world/



Patricia

Punjabis: proud, colorful and open

AoA

From shugal.com

Big cars, big houses and even bigger hearts – there is no doubt about it, Punjabis are the most open and colorful people found in Pakistan or even across the border. It’s just in their blood to be so lively all the time!

http://www.shughal.com/10-reasons-punjabis-are-the-most-colorful-and-vibrant-people/


Patricia




Monday, November 2, 2015

12 Favorite Foods Of Prophet Muhammad (S.A.W)

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12 Favorite Foods Of Prophet Muhammad (S.A.W) And Their Benefits



http://www.shughal.com/12-favorite-foods-prophet-muhammad-s-w-benefits/




Fashion Brings India and Pakistan Together

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It's a chance to bring a little harmony to the two conflicting countries.

http://muslimgirl.net/15608/indiapakistan/



Colors Of Pakistan

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From the snow-capped mountains to the hot arid deserts; from the lush green plateaus to the gushing rivers that flow down to the sea; from the luxurious Mughal mosques to the rich cultures of the people, Pakistan is just full of colors.
Here are some pictures that showcase the true colors of Pakistan.

Care To Try?

AoA  

7 Unique And Tasty Delicacies Of Pakistan – Care To Try?


Like any other country in the world, Pakistan also has its share of unique delicacies that many might not consider eating. You would be amazed at just how popular these dishes are in the Pakistan.

Read more



Patricia

13 Adventurous Places In Pakistan

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Danger Ahead: 13 Adventurous Places In Pakistan That Requires A Lot Of Guts To Go

Pakistan is full of adventures, no doubt. The bumpy roads, broken bridges, extreme mountain terrains are nothing but bone-chillingly thrilling. Here are some adventurous places in Pakistan that will satisfy the adventure hunter in you but will require a lot of guts for you to venture there.


Patricia

Fátua para mulheres: oração - mulheres nas mesquitas

AoA Fátua:  é um pronunciamento legal no Islã emitido por um especialista em lei religiosa, sobre um assunto específico.   P: As mul...